Function of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus in Treatment of Plant Diseases (Review)

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is a significant pathogen in the evolution and health of plants by establishing symbiotic relationships with most of the vascular plant species. Along with the traditional roles that AMF play in nutrient absorption and resistance to stress, there is also recent research that indicates that they guard plants against attacks by phytopathogens, and therefore provide an eco-friendly alternative approach to conventional systems of pesticide application. This review represents the analysis of the existing tendencies in the study of the biological and environmental nature of AMF with references to their multifunctional activity in the regulation of phytopathogens. They include competition with soil pathogens, changes in taxonomic besides functional variety and conformation of soil and root microbiomes, and plant immune responses via induced systemic resistance (ISR).The significance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) to plant development can be explained by the fact that vascular plants are symbiotic to most arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. In addition to their well-established roles in nutrient absorption and stress resistance, AMF has also been shown to protect plants against the attacks of phytopathogenic organisms, which has offered the economical solution to the conventional methods of pesticides to the environmentally friendly method. The present paper describes the recent advances in the knowledge regarding the biological and environmental qualities of AMF, and suggested focus on their multifunctional roles in the control of phytopathogens. These activities include competition against soil-borne pathogens, changes in taxonomic and practical diversity and structure of soil and root microbiomes, and changes in plant immune responses through made systemic resistance (ISR).