Home
International Journal of Science and Research Archive
International, Peer reviewed, Open access Journal ISSN Approved Journal No. 2582-8185

Main navigation

  • Home
    • Journal Information
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Board Members
    • Reviewer Panel
    • Journal Policies
    • IJSRA CrossMark Policy
    • Publication Ethics
    • Issue in Progress
    • Current Issue
    • Past Issues
    • Instructions for Authors
    • Article processing fee
    • Track Manuscript Status
    • Get Publication Certificate
    • Become a Reviewer panel member
    • Join as Editorial Board Member
  • Contact us
  • Downloads

ISSN Approved Journal || eISSN: 2582-8185 || CODEN: IJSRO2 || Impact Factor 8.2 || Google Scholar and CrossRef Indexed

Peer Reviewed and Referred Journal || Free Certificate of Publication

Research and review articles are invited for publication in March 2026 (Volume 18, Issue 3) Submit manuscript

Topological defects and the early universe: Insights from gravitational theories

Breadcrumb

  • Home
  • Topological defects and the early universe: Insights from gravitational theories

S. C. Darunde  *

Assistant Professor, Department of Mathematics, Jagadamba Mahavidyalaya, Achalpur, Maharashtra, India.

Research Article
 
International Journal of Science and Research Archive, 2023, 10(02), 840–854.
Article DOI: 10.30574/ijsra.2023.10.2.1044
DOI url: https://doi.org/10.30574/ijsra.2023.10.2.1044

Received on 31 October 2023; revised on 10 December 2023; accepted on 12 December 2023

Introduction: In this section, the overview of the topological defects is discussed based on gravitational theories. Along with this, the objectives and the research questions are made. Three hypotheses have been made in this part.
Aim: The aim of the research paper is to determine the impact of the topological defects in the early universe based on insights from the gravitational theory.
Literature reviews:  The impact of the topological defects on the early universe is discussed. Critically evaluate the issues faced by the topology and the recommendations are delivered based on that. Along with this, the overview of the gravitational theory and the impact of topological defects in active nematic and cosmology is discussed in this research paper. With the help of the temperature drops and universe expands, phase transactions are taking a positive step for the broken symmetries.
Methodology: Primary quantitative research method has been used in this research study. Descriptive research design and deductive research approaches have been used. Data has been collected from 55 respondents and questionnaires have been made based on 13 questions.
Findings and analysis: Statistical results are helping in hypothesis testing purposes. SPSS software helps to gather information statistically. Therefore, demographic test and variable related test is highlighted in this section. More relevant numerical information has to be collected with the aid of this research study.
Discussion: The study of topological defects and their linking to gravitational theories in the Early Universe is an attractive and crucial field of cosmology. Gravitational theories, specifically inflation, have been involved in amplification the origin and characteristics of these defects, delivering a window into the fundamental physics governing the cosmos.
Conclusion: Observations and theoretical investigations of topological defects not only improve the knowledge of the Universe's early stages but also cover the way for discoveries with far-reaching implications in components physics and cosmology. The significance of the gravitational law is mainly following the planet's motions around the sun.

Gravitational theory; Topological defects; Early universe; Crystals 

https://ijsra.net/sites/default/files/fulltext_pdf/IJSRA-2023-1044.pdf

Preview Article PDF

S. C. Darunde. Topological defects and the early universe: Insights from gravitational theories. International Journal of Science and Research Archive, 2023, 10(02), 840–854. Article DOI: https://doi.org/10.30574/ijsra.2023.10.2.1044

Copyright © Author(s). All rights reserved. This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution, and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as appropriate credit is given to the original author(s) and source, a link to the license is provided, and any changes made are indicated.


All statements, opinions, and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual author(s) and contributor(s). The journal, editors, reviewers, and publisher disclaim any responsibility or liability for the content, including accuracy, completeness, or any consequences arising from its use.

Get Certificates

Get Publication Certificate

Download LoA

Check Corssref DOI details

Issue details

Issue Cover Page

Editorial Board

Table of content

          

   

Copyright © 2026 International Journal of Science and Research Archive - All rights reserved

Developed & Designed by VS Infosolution