A study on maternal and fetal cell free DNA (cffDNA) for predicting the adverse pregnancy outcomes

Mriganka MouliSaha 1, *, Madhumita Mukhyopadhyay 2 and Maitree Bhattacharyya 3

1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine & JNM Hospital, WBUHS, Kalyani Nadia 741235, West Bengal, India.
2 Department of Pathology, Institute of Post-Graduate Medical Education and Research and Seth SukhlalKarnani Memorial Hospital, Bhowanipore, Kolkata, West Bengal 700020, India.
3 Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata- 700 019, India.
 
Research Article
International Journal of Science and Research Archive, 2022, 07(02), 210-217.
Article DOI: 10.30574/ijsra.2022.7.2.0262
Publication history: 
Received on 10 October 2022; revised on 16 November 2022; accepted on 19November 2022
 
Abstract: 
This gender-independent detection of cell-free fetal DNA in maternal plasma using RASSF1A/beta-actin has curtained off a new dimension regarding its utility to predict the adverse pregnancy outcomes. Recent efforts have been directed at developing sequences from cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) as markers for pregnancy outcomes. The utility of cffDNA using the methylation-dependent DSCR3 and RASSF1A markers along with total cell-free DNA (cf-DNA) in maternal serum by HYP2 marker are useful in predicting adverse pregnancy outcomes. Indigenously developed low-cost method of the gender-independent sequence markers from cffDNA was investigated and evaluated with the standardized commercial kits as predictive markers for adverse pregnancy outcomes. In the present study, we have tested whether the elevated amount of cffDNA in maternal plasma is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes and development of new marker by the low-cost method to predict adverse pregnancy outcomes. 210 pregnant women within the age group of 20 – 30 years attending for routine antenatal checkups after 20 weeks with fulfilling the diagnostic criteria of adverse pregnancy outcomes were included in our study. Age-matched pregnant women without adverse pregnancy outcomes were included as controls (n=210). Identification of cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) in maternal plasma by using in-house methods (Guanidium isothiocyanate) was found comparable with commercial kit and its content (GE/ µl) in adverse pregnancy outcomes subjects were significantly higher than the normotensive subjects. Our results indicated that indigenously developed method for detection of gender-independent cffDNA can be applicable for screening test of adverse pregnancy outcome.
 
Keywords: 
APGAR score; Cell-free Fetal DNA; Platelet count; Preeclampsia
 
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