Stem cell therapy: Advances and future directions in regenerative medicine: A review

Shah Faisal 1, *, Owais Khan 2, Anila 3, Saliha Khalid 4, Sania Zehra 1, Maha Mumtaz 5 and Munima Haque 1

1 Biotechnology Program, Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences (MNS), BRAC University Dhaka Bangladesh.
2 Department of Life Sciences, Hubei University, China.
3 Department of Zoology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Sindh Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan.
4 Department of Material Science and Nanotechnology, School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Kadir Has University, Istanbul Turkey.
5 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
 
Review
International Journal of Science and Research Archive, 2024, 12(01), 2811–2822.
Article DOI: 10.30574/ijsra.2024.12.1.1101
Publication history: 
Received on 07 May 2024; revised on 19 June 2024; accepted on 22 June 2024
 
Abstract: 
Stem cell treatment, an important part of regenerative medicine that may change the way many illnesses and injuries are treated in the future. This review article gives an in-depth analysis of the many kinds of stem cells, including adult, induced pluripotent, and embryonic stem cells, as well as their background, properties, and potential for differentiation. Successful hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, tissue engineering, medications for neurological illnesses, and management of autoimmune diseases are only a few of the current applications of stem cells in therapy that we explore. The report also discusses cutting-edge techniques in stem cell research, such as 3D bioprinting, the game-changing CRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing approach, and the manipulation of stem cells using tiny chemicals. However, there are several obstacles on the road to stem cell treatment. We explain how ethical concerns, immunological rejection, and tumorigenicity have influenced public opinion. Future developments in stem cell therapy will be discussed, including the role of stem cell banking, tissue engineering, personalized medicine, and artificial intelligence. In conclusion, despite substantial progress, barriers still need to be eliminated before stem cell treatment can realize its promise to fundamentally alter regenerative medicine.
 
Keywords: 
Stem Cell Therapy; Regenerative Medicine; Embryonic Stem Cells (ESCs); Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs); CRISPR-Cas9; Neurological Disorders and Autoimmune Diseases
 
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Copyright © 2024 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article. This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Liscense 4.0