Oral and radiographic manifestations brought on by Sickle Cell Anemia - Clinical Case Report

Sickle cell anemia is a hereditary, monogenic blood disease characterized by chronic hemolytic anemia and vasoconstricting phenomena leading to acute painful crises and chronic and progressive tissue damage. It is the most common disease among hemoglobinopathies in Brazil and worldwide. The disease originated in Africa and was brought to the Americas by the forced immigration of slaves. Sickle cell patients have clinical conditions that can be intensified during dental treatment by precipitating vasoconstrictive seizures. In this clinical case, paleness was detected in the buccal buccal and the tongue despapilada. In the intra-oral radiographic examinations, areas suggestive of bone sclerosis and radiolucent areas between the root apices were found. Maxillary protrusion due to medullary expansion was found in lateral cephaladiography. In scintigraphy and magnetic resonance imaging, areas corresponding to bone infarcts and osteonecrosis were found. The dental surgeon performs an important function, being able to diagnose the oral manifestations through clinical and/or radiographic examination. By acting preventively, we can reduce the complications and improve the quality of lives of these patients.