Knee osteoarthritis Disease: A review

Dunya Khalaf Hamad *

Prosthetics and Orthotics Engineering Department, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq.
 
Review
International Journal of Science and Research Archive, 2022, 06(01), 177–181.
Article DOI: 10.30574/ijsra.2022.6.1.0080
Publication history: 
Received on 20 March 2022; revised on 16 May 2022; accepted on 19 May 2022
 
Abstract: 
Osteoarthritis of the knee is a complex peripheral joint disorder with multiple risk factors. The molecular basis of osteoarthritis has been generally accepted; however, the exact pathogenesis is still not known. Management of patients with osteoarthritis involves a comprehensive history, thorough physical examination and appropriate radiological investigation. The relative slow progress in the disease allows a stepwise algorithmic approach in treatment. Non-surgical treatment involves patient education, lifestyle modification and the use of orthotic devises. These can be achieved in the community. Surgical options include joint sparing procedures such as arthroscopyando osteotomy or joint-replacing procedures. Joint-replacing procedures can be isolated to a single compartment such as patellofemoral arthroplasty or unicompartmental knee replacement or total knee arthroplasty. The key to a successful long-term outcome is optimal patient selection, preoperative counselling and good surgical technique.
 
Keywords: 
Osteoarthritis; Knee joint; Total knee replacement; Cartilage
 
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