The impact of leukemia on quality of life and mental health: Insights from a case study examining physical, social, and cultural implications

Introduction: Leukemia presents a significant health challenge globally, affecting patients physically and mentally. The symptoms and adverse effects of treatments impact the health-related quality of life (QOL) of leukemia patients. Family caregivers, often family members, play a crucial role in care provision, especially in regions with limited professional nursing.

Aim: This research aimed to explore the QOL of a leukemia patient, the effects on the individual and family, factors contributing to well-being, social support networks, and healthcare resources. Insights gained could enhance the QOL for patients and families confronting this challenging disease.

Method: A qualitative case study approach was employed. The researchers focused on a single instance, utilizing semi-structured interviews. This technique allowed for an in-depth exploration of the experiences from anthropological perspectives. Data collection involved non-structured interviews with a 42-year-old woman diagnosed with acute leukemia, who had previously recovered from breast cancer.

Results: Leukemia patients and family caregivers face substantial psychological distress due to caregiving roles. Anxiety, stress, and depression in caregivers can be mitigated through tailored programs addressing their psychological needs. Such interventions are likely to positively impact the overall quality of life for families. Future research should explore specific factors contributing to psychological distress and evaluate the effectiveness of needs-based programs.

Conclusions: To enhance the well-being of both adult leukemia patients and their family caregivers, healthcare professionals should consider family-level intervention programs. The resilience demonstrated by individuals like Ms. Maria, who navigate challenges with determination, serves as inspiration for others facing acute leukemia. Further studies should delve into patient and caregiver factors affecting psychological distress, offering a comprehensive understanding of the holistic care needed for leukemia patients and their families.