Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) and other geospatial tools for various applications

Nowadays the Global Satellite Navigation Systems (GNSS) play a fundamental role in many areas as civil aviation, maritime and land navigation and geomatics, owing to the ability to provide worldwide, tridimensional, all-weather position, and velocity and time synchronization. The final product of the Global Navigation Satellite System exercise is the Three - Dimensional coordinates (3D) of the receiving station. These coordinates have been found reliable for most geospatial applications. However, some applications in data management required other information apart from geodetic coordinates. Hence; GNSS has been integrated with other methods of data acquisition to improve the quality of data for various applications. These have helped in solving a lot of problems where individual methods failed. This paper examines some satellite-based systems and reports the integration of GNSS with other data acquisition tools such as geodetic levelling, Remote Sensing, Geographic Information System (GIS), Inertial Navigation System (INS) and many others. In some cases, the synergy had resulted in other satellite or payload programs such as Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE), while it has improved the GNSS applications in so many areas. GNSS integration is therefore recommended for any application that requires the use of the location.