Factors affecting communication of family planning media messages among reproductive aged population in Obio/Akpor Local Council, Rivers State, Nigeria

Background: Effective communication of family planning messages through media is essential for improving reproductive health outcomes. However, various factors influence whether these messages are received, understood, and accepted. This study assessed factors affecting communication of family planning media messages among residents of reproductive age in Obio/ Akpor Local Council, Rivers State, Nigeria.
Methods: A community-based analytical cross-sectional study was conducted between July and August 2025 among 310 residents of reproductive age selected through multistage random sampling. Data were collected using a structured, self-administered questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and binary logistic regression were used for analysis, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05.
Results: The mean age of participants was 31.8 years (SD = 7.2), with females constituting 67.1%. Cultural beliefs were identified as a barrier by 71.9% of respondents, followed by a lack of education (79.4%) and religious beliefs (70.6%). Only 58.1% agreed that the language used in messages suits their community. Health worker involvement was endorsed by 86.5% as making messages more effective. Binary logistic regression revealed that rural residence (AOR = 3.71; 95% CI: 1.70–8.10), Muslim religion (AOR = 6.36; 95% CI: 2.04–19.81), Binary logistic regression revealed that rural residence (AOR = 3.71; 95% CI: 1.70–8.10), Muslim religion (AOR = 6.36; 95% CI: 2.04–19.81), and lower educational levels (secondary: AOR = 2.51; 95% CI: 1.27–4.96; primary: AOR = 1.95; 95% CI: 1.02–3.73; non-formal: AOR = 2.25; 95% CI: 1.01–5.02) were independent predictors of perceiving cultural beliefs as a barrier.
Conclusion: Cultural and religious beliefs, educational attainments, and language barriers. significantly affect family planning media communication. Rural residents, Muslims, and those with lower education face the greatest barriers. Culturally sensitive approach, linguistically appropriate strategies involving trusted health workers are needed to improve family planning communication.