Enhancing life cycle assessment methodologies for carbon capture and utilization technologies: A comprehensive guideline for improved decision-making

Muhammad Ahsan *

Baker Hughes, Energy Transition and Decarbonization, Houston, United States of America.
 
Review
International Journal of Science and Research Archive, 2024, 12(02), 2941–2944.
Article DOI: 10.30574/ijsra.2024.12.2.1180
Publication history: 
Received on 20 June 2024; revised on 28 June 2024; accepted on 10 July 2024
 
Abstract: 
Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage (CCUS) is an emerging technology that aims to reduce carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions from industrial processes and power generation. This paper presents a comprehensive Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) of CCUS, evaluating its environmental impacts from cradle to grave. The LCA includes the stages of CO₂ capture, transportation, utilization, and storage. The goal is to provide a holistic understanding of the potential benefits and drawbacks of CCUS, guiding policymakers and industry stakeholders in decision-making processes. Although LCA is a standardized method, there is significant variability in current LCA practices due to differing methodological choices, which limits their effectiveness for decision support. Applying LCA to CCU technologies introduces additional challenges, particularly because CO₂ serves both as an emission and a feedstock. The guidelines aim to enhance the comparability of LCA studies by providing clear methodological directions and predefined assumptions regarding feedstock and utilities. Increased transparency is achieved through detailed interpretation and reporting guidance. By improving comparability, the guidelines support more informed decision-making, enabling more efficient allocation of research funds and time towards the development of technologies for climate change mitigation and negative emissions.
 
Keywords: 
Life Cycle Analysis; CCUS; CO2; Emission; Sustainability
 
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