Design and implementation of a smart apartment electrical training model using WIFI-based relay controllers

The rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoT) has transformed modern residential electrical systems and smart home infrastructures. However, many electrical engineering laboratories still rely on traditional training platforms focused on individual circuits and fail to represent integrated residential electrical systems adequately. This paper presents the design and implementation of an apartment electrical power supply training model for engineering education. The proposed platform simulates a typical residential electrical system, including lighting circuits, electrical outlets, water heater loads, and air-conditioning loads. Smart functionality is implemented using two WiFi-based relay controllers with Sonoff 4CH R3 modules, enabling remote monitoring and control via a mobile application. Experimental results demonstrate reliable operation in both manual and smart control modes. The developed platform provides a practical training environment for studying electrical systems in buildings and IoT-based smart home technologies.