Antibacterial assay of cyanobacteria in invitro conditions and its valuable applications

Thanighai arassu ramalingham 1, * and Arumugam gangapillai 2

1 Department of microbiology, Apollo arts and science college Guduvanchery, Thiruporur road kalvai, Chennai- 603108 Tamil Nadu India.
2 Department of biochemistry, Kanchi shree Krishna arts and science college Kilambi, Kanchipuram – 631551 Tamil Nadu India.
 
Research Article
International Journal of Science and Research Archive, 2023, 08(01), 282-290.
Article DOI: 10.30574/ijsra.2023.8.1.0038
Publication history: 
Received on 03 December 2022; revised on 12 January 2023; accepted on 15 January 2023
 
Abstract: 
Cyanobacteria are aquatic and photosynthetic they survive in fresh water ponds and sewage water. Since these cyanobacteria are quite small and unicellular, they often grow in large colonies more enough to see by naked eye. Cyanobacteria they produce bluish green colour pigments as they are phycocyanin, phycobiliproteins and carotenoids. It may surprise you to know that cyanobacteria are still around they are one of the largest and most important groups of bacteria on earth. The cyanobacterial ethanolic extracts of Oscillatoria formosa, Oscillatoria subbrevis, Oscillatoria princeps, Oscillatoria sancta and Oscillatoria fischeri showed effective antibacterial activity against pathogenic microorganisms like Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Clostridium perfringes, Salmonella typhi and Vibrio cholerae. Cyanobacteria like Oscillatoria curviceps, Lyngbya majuscula and Spirulina subsalsa are rich source of bioactive compounds with antibacterial, antifungal, antialgal and antiviral properties. Some cyanobacteria like Synechococcus elongatus have ability to accumulate polyhydroxyalkanoates which may be used as bioplastics. In addition to these applications the Cyanobacteria are also useful in agricultural practices like Nostoc commune and Anabaena aequalis as biofertilizers. Some eukaryotic green algae like Chlorella vulgaris, Botryococcus braunii and Schizochytrium limacinum produce more oil content for ecofriendly production of more biodiesel.
 
Keywords: 
Oscillatoria formosa; Clostridium perfringes; Gram staining; Anti bacterial assay; Ciprofloxazin disc
 
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