Histopathological effect of Buccholzia coricea on some liver and kidneys in alloxan-induced diabetic Wistar rats

Liver and kidneys are vital organs that play several important roles such as detoxification, storage of blood, blood filtration and purification, urine excretion and secretion of hormones among others. This study was conducted to determine the histopathological effects of Buccholzia coricea on the liver and kidneys of female wistar rats, Twenty-five female wistar rats were divided into five groups of five rats per group. The five rats in group one served as the normal control group and were fed with food and water without inducement and treatment. Test group two, the positive control were induced with alloxan (150 mg/kg) without any treatment throughout the study. Test group three, the known drug group were induced with diabetes (150 mg/kg) and administered metformin daily. Test group four were induced with diabetes and were treated with low dose of 250 mg/kg of Buccholzia coriacea seed extract daily throughout the study. Test group five were induced with diabetes and were treated with high dose of 1000 mg/kg of Buccholzia coriacea seed extract daily throughout the study for 14 days and the animal models were checked daily with glucometer to ascertain their blood sugar level before the animals were sacrificed and organs harvested and preserved for histological analysis. At the end of the 14 days, hematoxylin and eosin staining methods of histological methods were used. The results of the histology of the five groups showed that group one had normal liver and kidney tissues. Group two showed cytoplasmic vacoulation and cellular infiltration of liver but an inflammation of the kidney tissue. Group three had mild sinusoidal dilation in the liver and distention of the renal tubules with reduced inflammation of the kidney tissue. Group four had cytoplasmic vacoulation of liver and reduced inflammatory activities of the kidney tissue. Group five had mild cellular degeneration of liver, hemorrhage and inflammation of the kidney tissue. Thus, Buccholzia coriacea can improve the functioning of the liver and kidneys of a diabetic rats when it is consumed below 1000mg and its equivalent daily by mitigation of the histopathological alterations by alloxan-induced diabetes. Buccholzia coriacea is a natural panacea in the management of diabetes-related organ damage.