A review on natural hunter frog population declines in an ecosystem

Amphibians are very important in an ecosystem because it can survive in both water and land. They are highly evolved and have a remarkable power of regeneration among the different animal phylum.   Different genera of Amphibians play a significant role in transfer of energy and nutrients from small animal to large animal groups in an energy flow. Frogs are considering as a natural pest controller, without harming anyone in an ecosystem, maintain ecological balance. There are large numbers of frog species which disappear in last two decades (10-20 years) and many species recorded under threatened category by International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). A prominent reason identified by the researcher in last decades that a Chytridiomycosis infectious disease, caused by chytrid fungus (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis) are responsible for decline in amphibian population worldwide. When unfavourable condition (winter, drought etc.) come, amphibian hibernate them self as protective mechanism encoded in their genes during evolution. During hibernation period, the chytrid fungus grows and forms a coat on frog skin and affects cutaneous respiration process, due to which water supply cuts off and make it difficult to breathe.  After some time, the frogs are facing dehydration problem and then die. Beside fungal infection there many other factor which cause decline in frog population including bacterial and viral disease, habitat destruction , pollution and pesticide use etc.