Clinical profiles and outcomes of dengue fever in hospitalized patients: Insights from Purbanchal University Teaching Hospital

Background: Dengue is a mosquito-borne viral infection that poses a significant health threat, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. This study aims to assess the risk factors and clinical outcomes of dengue fever in hospitalized patients.
Methods: This prospective observational study included 110 patients admitted to Purbanchal University Teaching Hospital between May 2023 and July 2024. Patients were classified into three groups based on clinical and laboratory findings: Group I (Dengue without Warning Signs), Group II (Dengue with Warning Signs), and Group III (Severe Dengue). Clinical history and physical examination data were recorded, and various laboratory tests were conducted.
Results: Of the 110 patients, 80.9% were classified as Group II, 15.4% as Group I, and 3.7% as Group III. The majority of patients were male, with a male-to-female ratio of 5:1. The mean age of patients in Groups I, II, and III was 29±6.45, 33.3±9.6, and 25±1.8 years, respectively. All patients experienced sudden onset fever, with varying patterns of fever. Common symptoms included headache (100%), myalgia (96%), and gastrointestinal symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Organomegaly was observed predominantly in Group III patients.
Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of recognizing clinical profiles and laboratory findings in diagnosing dengue early to reduce morbidity and mortality associated with severe forms of the disease.