Digital health interventions for cardiovascular disease: A review of recent developments

Digital healthcare is revolutionizing cardiovascular care by enhancing diagnostic accuracy, treatment precision, and patient management. This review highlights key advancements, including the integration of smartphones and tablets with echocardiogram transducers for remote diagnosis, particularly in underserved regions. Emerging technologies such as 3-D printing are expected to make cardiac valve replacements more affordable, while artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming diagnostic practices by improving image analysis and risk prediction. Wearable devices, equipped with sensors for monitoring heart rate, rhythm, and other vital signs, offer real-time data that aids in early detection and personalized treatment. Mobile health applications facilitate immediate cardiac care and long-term management by leveraging the portability of smartphones. The Internet of Things (IOT) further enhances cardiovascular care by enabling comprehensive, remote monitoring and efficient data management. Collectively, these innovations are not only advancing the accuracy and accessibility of cardiovascular diagnostics but also empowering patients through more personalized and proactive healthcare approaches. This review explores the impact of these technologies on improving cardiovascular health outcomes and highlights future directions for further advancements.