Utilizing the tooth coronal pulp index for age estimation: A retrospective cone beam computed tomography study

Background: Age estimation through teeth is one of the most reliable method as teeth are hardest part of body and could be preserved for long time without gross changes. Thus, age estimation from tooth coronal index using CBCT is based on reduction in size of dental pulp cavity with advancing age as a result of secondary dentin deposition.
Aim: To evaluate dental age assessment reliability through Tooth Coronal Index (TCI) method
Methodology: A retrospective study involving 60 CBCT images from age group of 20 to 60 years were retrieved from department data base. The age groups were divided into eight groups (Group I – VIII). Mandibular canine, 2nd premolar and 1st molar either of one side is considered. The height of crown and height of coronal pulp cavity were calculated and TCI was measured for each tooth. Age estimated was compared with chronological age to evaluate reliability of age assessment through TCI. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 19.
Results: Negative correlation was observed between real age and TCI of mandibular 1st molar, mandibular 2nd premolar and mandibular canine. Thus, best dental age estimation was obtained in age group of Group I and VIII.
Conclusion: Teeth are more resistant to thermal, chemical and mechanical stimuli and thus considered as one of the reliable indicators. Thus, Tooth coronal index can be considered as one of the reliable parameters in estimating age of individual because of its accuracy.