Strengthening the competitive advantage of MSME actors through the human resources competency development program (skill, knowledge and attitude)

This research focuses on strengthening the competitive advantage of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) through human resource competency development programs, which include three main aspects: skills, knowledge, and attitudes. The purpose of this study is to identify the positive impact of human resource development programs on the competitiveness of MSME actors in an increasingly dynamic market. In the context of globalization and digital transformation, adaptability and innovation are crucial elements that support the growth of MSMEs. This study uses a quantitative method with a survey of 100 MSME actors from various economic sectors, and qualitative through in-depth interviews with business actors and HR development program organizers. The results of the study show that practical skills training, increasing business knowledge, and forming a positive attitude significantly improve the competitiveness of MSMEs. MSMEs that participate in human resource development programs tend to be more innovative in terms of products and services, have more efficient management, and are better able to face market challenges compared to those who do not. In particular, the aspect of proactive attitude and openness to change strongly supports the adaptation of digital technology in business management. Thus, this study recommends the implementation of a holistic human resource development program as one of the strategies to strengthen the competitiveness of MSMEs in the domestic and global markets.