The scars beyond bullets: Recognizing the environmental toll of war

Titilayo Aishat Otukoya *

Independent Researcher, United States of America.
 
Review
International Journal of Science and Research Archive, 2024, 11(01), 1721–1746.
Article DOI: 10.30574/ijsra.2024.11.1.0224
Publication history: 
Received on 27 December 2023; revised on 07 February 2024; accepted on 09 February 2024
 
Abstract: 
Warfare, throughout history, has not only shaped geopolitical landscapes but has left an indelible mark on the environment. The unintended consequences of armed conflicts extend far beyond the immediate theater of war, affecting ecosystems, biodiversity, and human wellbeing. We therefore need to delve into the complex and lasting environmental impact of wars, exploring case studies, international frameworks, and mitigation strategies aimed at addressing and preventing further ecological devastation which is what this paper is about.
As conflicts continue to arise globally, understanding the environmental implications becomes crucial for sustainable development and international cooperation. This study aims to synthesize existing knowledge, analyze case studies, and propose viable solutions to minimize the environmental toll of armed conflicts. By examining historical examples and current challenges, we seek to contribute to a broader discourse on the intersection of warfare and environmental conservation. And essentially, provide a comprehensive overview of the environmental consequences of war and propose effective strategies for mitigating these impacts. By assessing case studies such as the Gulf War oil spills, Vietnam Agent Orange use, and Ukraine's agricultural land destruction, we aim to uncover patterns and lessons learned.
Additionally, we scrutinize the role of international frameworks, environmental impact assessments, and post-conflict restoration efforts in alleviating the environmental aftermath of warfare.
This paper contends that the environmental impact of war is multifaceted, persisting long after hostilities cease. By examining historical cases, current challenges, and mitigation strategies, we underscore the urgency of integrating environmental considerations into military planning and international conflict resolution efforts.
 
Keywords: 
Environmental toll; Ecosystems; Warfare; Environmental conservation; Biodiversity
 
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Copyright © 2024 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article. This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Liscense 4.0