Pharmacological evaluation of rice varieties, Hassawi and Njavara

Hasswai and Njavara are two notable international and Indian red rice cultivars that provide a variety of nutrients and phytochemicals. An effort was made to investigate the pharmacological properties of these rice types. In conclusion, both types of rice exhibit lipid peroxidation, acetylcholinesterase, thrombolytic, anti-arthritic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. Methanol extracts showed increased acetylcholinesterase, thrombolytic, and antioxidant activity in the current investigation. On the other hand, aqueous extracts have stronger anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic, lipid peroxidation, protease inhibition, and amylose inhibitory properties.  Of these two varieties, Hasawi showed good activities concerning amylose inhibition, thrombolytic activity, antioxidant activity, and anti-inflammatory and lipid peroxidation. However good protease inhibition and acetylcholinesterase activities were noted in Njavara than in Hasawi. This points to a specific phytochemical composition that these two rice varieties contain. More detailed investigations are warranted to score the exact phytochemical basis for the observed activities.