The effect of nano-fertilizer on the growth and yield of several wheat varieties and their quality

Wheat represents one of the most significant agricultural crops globally. The importance of examining wheat varieties in relation to nano-micronutrients lies in the potential of these elements to significantly enhance agricultural productivity and plant health. Nano-micronutrients may offer a more efficient method for nutrient delivery to plants. To this end, a field experiment will be conducted over the years 2024-2025 at the second research and experimental station of the Al Muthanna University’s Faculty of Agriculture. This experiment will be implemented by dividing the field into experimental units, each measuring 1 square meter. The experimental design will be based on a factorial arrangement within a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The treatments under study derive from two factors: the first includes three wheat varieties (V1 Ebba99, V2 Aksad, and V3 Sheema), and the second consists of foliar application of nano-micronutrients zinc, iron, and copper at concentrations of 0 (control), 12, and 24 ppm. Seeds required for the experiment will be supplied by the General Directorate of Agricultural Research, Ministry of Agriculture, and distributed across the experimental units. The variety Ebba 99 outperformed and gave the highest number of grains, reaching 458.9 grains, while the variety Aksad gave the lowest number of grains, 73.56 grains. The variety Ebba 99 outperformed and gave the highest number of spikes per square meter, reaching 458.9 spikes The Al-Shaima variety was superior and gave the highest weight of 1000 grains, reaching 43.04 grams and gave the lowest falling number 330.6. and gave Flexibility and Texture mg/kg 1450.60 mg/kg, the variety Aksad outperformed in Elasticity and gave the 86.82 BU,