Cytokinin: An invisible warrior to spot blotch disease: A new proposal to way forward

Anindita Roy *

South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA.
 
Research Article
International Journal of Science and Research Archive, 2024, 11(02), 1414–1425.
Article DOI: 10.30574/ijsra.2024.11.2.0610
 
Publication history: 
Received on 26 February 2024; revised on 08 April 2024; accepted on 10 April 2024
 
Abstract: 
Background of Abstract: Wheat is threatened by spot blotch disease causing considerable yield loss, with existing genotypes lacking resistance and the necessary nutrients. Cytokinins (CKs) are key phytohormones that not only regulate plant development but also play an important role during spot blotch disease and in the nutrient metabolic pathway of crop plants.
Body of Abstract: Spot blotch disease, caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana syn. Helminthosporium sativum syn. Cochliobolus sativus is one of the dangerous diseases of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in Asia. Previous study identified the significant impact of zinc (Zn), sulfur(S), iron (Fe), nitrogen(N), potassium(P), and chlorine (Cl) fertilization on dipping the spot blotch acuteness in two wheat varieties Bhrikuti and Sonalika in Nepal. Cytokinins (CKs) are crucial phytohormones that not only control plant growth but also show a significant function during the nutrient metabolic pathway and in the stressed condition of the cereal crop plants. Lack of vital nutrients like Zn, S and Fe initiates severe injury of the body which is pleading the urgent requirement to improve the increase of these micronutrients in the cereal crop plant. Crop bio-fortification is one of the promising methods through which these nutrients could be boosted to a desirable volume. Cytokinin has a crucial role in controlling environmental stress and defense methods of plants. It is also discovered that it has an effect over Zn growth in cereal crop plants.  Many studies identified that an augmentation of Zn, S and Fe in the seeds of the cereal crop plants ensuing the improvement of the root elongation which is also helpful for foraging nutrients to the innate ends of the soil and supports in the water absorbance in the drought area. Traveling micronutrients from the lithosphere through the root supports in the uptake of the micronutrients and transferring them to the cereal crop plants.
Short Conclusion: This review is exploring a crop bio- fortification method containing CRISPR-Cas9 through breeding methods could be a significant job for spot blotch stress management and developing the desirable traits to boost the nutritional rate of wheat which would be beneficial for mankind.
 
Keywords: 
Wheat; Spot blotch; Nutrients; Cytokinin (CK); Biofortification.
 
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