Chromatographic methods for the determination of various barbiturates: A review

Barbiturates are generally used in the treatment of epilepsy, convulsions, and anesthesia. Different analytical methods are used to identify, quantify, and determine barbiturates in other dosage forms. The cells of the central nervous system are highly sensitive to barbiturates. Barbiturates will enhance the GABA receptor activity and result in the inhibitory action of neurotransmitters due to the opening of chloride channels. This review summarizes the analysis of Barbiturates in Biological samples like hair, blood, serum, urine, and pharmaceutical dosage forms. Bioanalytical techniques have been used to analyze these drugs in biological samples such as blood, urine, and hair. These analytical techniques include High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), Gas chromatography (GC), Mass spectroscopy (MS), Thin-layer chromatography (TLC), and Ultra-violet spectroscopy (UV), Capillary electrophoresis which can produce the most appropriate results. This review gathers information, for the first time, regarding the determination of Secobarbital, Amobarbital, Pentobarbital, Mephobarbital, and Pentobarbital analytical methods for these drugs.